A Thousand Words for Snow by taraljc.
Ad Astra by taraljc. Spock/Uhura, in between the end of his world and the beginning of their journeys.
Spock/Uhura drabbles by Quigonejinn. Spock, Uhura, and snippets of their days in the academy.
Young by Quigonejinn. Above everything, Spock is his mother's son.
Untittled. Anonymous Vulcan poet. by Laurajv
The Unveiled Secretby Laurajv. Sarek and the elder version of his son.
Better Know the Federation by Taraljc.
Ten things you should know about the Federation by Skywaterblue
Spock and command, or rather Spock=/= command track by Kernezelda. Besides, folks, he'd look terrible in gold. :P
So you want to join Starfleet Academy by eleanorjane.
A Brief Guide to the Federation by Templemarker. On Federation culture, Starfleet, and their not-so-friendly neighbours. Klingons, Romulans and Borg, oh my!
User Guide II: The Wrath of Canon Characters by Templemarker.
Tell me all your thoughts on Spock by laurajvc. Spock Prime and AOS Spock are not as different as you'd think.
Worldbuilding in the new reality; or where the Vulcan people could go from here. by beatrice-otter. There's also some interesting discussion in the comments about and a different set of discussions
here in her LJ. Vulcanoglogy by eleanorjane. More musings on rebuilding and the impact of the death of Vulcan on its people.
Shir'Kar mon amour A look at Vulcan's architecture, and what it says about the Vulcan people.
And lastly not strictly Spock/Vulcan/Federation related:
A Crash Course in Linguistics by sineala. Because Spock taught it, Uhura is awesome at it, and this bit of meta is a gem for those who love this ship. And wonderful, thinky meta of any kind is lovely. :D
A bit of ramblings of my own. A lot of folks are pointing at the Vulcans as arrogant, insular, if not xenophobic. I'll admit to having this reaction too, when the movie first came out. I have vague, fond memories of the Vulcans, so seeing this nasty side of them was a shock. And most people write them that way, when they deal with Spock having to deal with his people. But like any other people, they're also a bit more complicated than that. As beatrice-otter notes, Sarek would have needed his clan matriarch's permission to marry Amanda, and for Vulcans, marriage means having children is a given. Which means T'Pau at least, must have been okay with the idea of a Vulcan hybrid child, and considering that she is matriarch of the house of Surak, a representative of the Vulcan people she can't have been the only one who believed in the ideals of IDIC. Also, note that Amanda is with the Elders when they're trying to save the Katric Ark. She must have been in a position trust, for her to join them in an important task.
So I'm wondering if Vulcan people, insular as they are, have a bit more of a complicated view of Spock. The first human/Vulcan hybrid,
Elizabeth had been created 75 years ago by xenophobic human groups to prove hybridization would be the end of the human race. She was created to die in order to prove that point. Her discovery, rescue and death had a profound effect on the fledgling Federation.
Spock was the first child who survived and grew up: a direct rebuff of what Terra Prime had tried to do with Elizabeth. There must have been people who accepted him as he was, and his mother, or even made a point of it (which could probably be as unpleasant as ostracism in some ways, but hey). The problem is, in a culture where no other child was singled out as he was, the nasty experiences he did encounter would stand out.
I would, though, like to read fic about Spock realizing this, having sympathetic Vulcans outside his immediate family, or even defending his people Starfleet folks sputtering about Vulcan xenophobia, ZOMG. But then the amount of fic I want to read about Spock is scary.