1. Because you can't have Na2. sodium's oxidation number is +1 and the charges must balance.
2. By the K and context. As a general rule, if the K is less than 1, you can have a backwards reaction. Obviously you should look at the dG to double check.
3. There are general rules of thumb. You want to look for polarizable hydrogens or lone pairs of electrons. Things which disassociate readily tend to be strong acids and bases.
4. there are some rules for some polyatomic ions. Like few carbonates are soluble in water, all chlorides are soluble, etc.
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2. By the K and context. As a general rule, if the K is less than 1, you can have a backwards reaction. Obviously you should look at the dG to double check.
3. There are general rules of thumb. You want to look for polarizable hydrogens or lone pairs of electrons. Things which disassociate readily tend to be strong acids and bases.
4. there are some rules for some polyatomic ions. Like few carbonates are soluble in water, all chlorides are soluble, etc.
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