Subject to change
Sitting on the edge of the border of Gensokyo, the Hakurei Shrine is the er...shrine of Reimu Hakurei. It is often a spot for visiting youkai and festivals. Despite this, the shrine is rather decrepit in places and it's donation box is usually empty. Sometimes things from the outside world pop up in the shrine due to its position on the border.
The primary human village of Gensokyo. The humans here are more or less of an autonomous commune that resembles a somewhat more technologically advanced version of an old Japanese village. Sometimes youkai wander in here to buy things, but they're given a wide birth. Generally the humans in the village are interested in Outsiders and will gladly ask them questions about the Outside World...
or in this case, any Outside World.
It's a magical forest. Most of the beings living her are youkai, fairies, or magicians of either the human or nonhuman variety who want to study magic in some sort of seclusion. Notable for being where Marisa Kirisame lives.
A shop between the Human Village and the Forest of Magic, run by a half-youkai named Rinnosuke Morichika. It is known for selling items that have come into Gensokyo from the Outside World.
Your stuff may well be here.
It's a lake. Fairies often congregate here, but what's important is a nearby area...
The mansion of Remilia Scarlet, the Scarlet Devil. The mansion is bigger on the inside than the outside and is staffed by fairy maids. Uninvited visitors are generally unwelcome; although some say the gate guard is easy to pass, and the mansion's mistress is prone to flights of whimsy.
This Japanese mansion is the home of Princess Kaguya, exile from the moon kingdom. Due to the abilities of some of the inhabitants, the topology of Eientei can be a bit strange. Visitors are usually welcomed, but expect pranks from the rabbits who live there.