That was an incredible episode... they keep getting better and better.
I am try to see if I got all of this straight.
3000 years ago was the exodus from Kobal.
The humans on Kobal had created cylons.
During the exodus from Kobal the humans went to the colonies and the cylons went to Earth.
Originally the cylons on Earth used a resurrection process. But they developed the ability to reproduced lost the technology to resurrect.
The Final Five cylons were born, no made just like all the other people on Earth at the time of Earth's nuking.
The Final Five somehow knew something bad was going to happen and started to research the old resurrection technology. Ellen figured it out and they had a ship hiding in orbit of Earth with I assume copies of themselves that they made.
2000 years ago Earth was nuked and the Final Five who are actually the final five remaining Earth Cylons set out on a journey to find their ancestors.
They stopped at the algae planet and built the Temple of Hope (I think that is what Ellen called it) How the five of them built a temple I don't know, maybe they had Centurions with them that is not clear.
They went searching for the colonies to warn them to respect their creations only to find it was too late they had reinvented cylons and were at war.
The Five offered to help the Colonial Cylons create humanoid models if they stopped the fighting.
So the first Cylon/Colonial war ended.
The Colonial Cylons and the Five when to what Cavil referred to as "the colony" which could also be what we have been calling the Cylon Homeworld.
There the Five created 8 cylon models.
Now that is all I feel pretty certain about. I am uncertain about some of the info given on 7 or Daniel. Here is my take but I could be wrong.
I think they created one Daniel and once he was completed then they would start making his copies for him to download into. And Cavil sabotaged the creation of the copies.
Now the rest of this is speculation... When Cavil sabotaged the Daniel copies that is when the falling out between the Five and Cavil took place. And he killed the Five and messed with their new copies so that they wouldn't remember who they were, and then planted them on the Colonies. I also have a feeling that there were not multiples of everyone running around before this. That each model was intended to be a singular person. But that once Cavil got the Five out of the way he started making many copies to create an army. I also believe that the original Daniel was planted on the colonies like the five or that he possibly escaped to the Colonies, I have theories on who he might be but that is based on pictures I have seen from the finally episodes and I don't want to include any spoilers beyond this episode. All I know is they didn't cleary state what happened to the original Daniel.
All I know is I can't wait to see what happens next.