Imagine Breaker - The Imagine Breaker is a very mysterious ability within Touma’s right hand. The first thing we learn about it is the fact that it can negate supernatural abilities. It can be magical, esper, curse or even divine. This can be both a blessing and a curse for Touma in general. As long as a power hits Touma's right hand, it can be negated. (For example, a electromaster's lightning bolt or a Mage’s Fire Ball) However, if Touma is attacked on any other part of his body, then Imagine Breaker will be ineffective.
Let’s have a demonstration of Imagine Breaker in action, shall we? Mikoto is a sore loser, shhh...
Now this isn’t just limited to magical spells or esper’s killer moves. Imagine Breaker can affect magical items as well by making them utterly useless (such as charms, clothes, etc) and he can even affect magic circles as long as Touma uses his right hand to dispel the magic. Touma himself cannot control Imagine Breaker like an on and off switch. It’s always working and will always take affect as long as there’s a supernatural concept it can work against. But there are certain limits to Imagine Breaker's abilities. For example, Touma cannot negate a person's soul or lifeforce simply by shaking hands with them and he cannot negate the magicial 'leylines' that exist within the Earth. In Luceti, I’m willing to have IB temporary seal away the magical proprieties on specific magical items for a certain amount of time (Three to five minutes tops) if Touma ever comes into contact with any. Some characters rely on their magical items in battle or everyday life, so I wouldn’t want step on any toes. And since Luceti’s journals are a mixture of magic and science, Imagine Breaker won’t be affecting those at all whenever Touma touches them with his right hand.
Imagine Breaker can also make an esper unable to read Touma’s mind or use telepathy on him. Now there are some spells that are strong enough to surpass the speed of Imagine Breaker’s nullification and take more time to fully negate. (Like Index’s John Pen Mode, Fiamma’s Giant (30-50ft) Flaming Sword and Accelerator’s Wings). However, Touma has learned how to use this weakness to his advantage. In the World War III arc, Touma has been able to redirect spells and blasts like those with his right hand without fully negating the power completely. For example, if a giant beam is shot at Touma, he can redirect it to another direction by a mere twist of his wrist like light bouncing off of a prism.
Also supernatural beings such as Angels are subconsciously afraid of Touma’s right hand because of the power it holds. It’s like whenever you’re about to touch a hot iron or see a giant spider. Your natural instinct is to not touch it, right? So as long as the being has sharp enough instincts to sense the Imagine Breaker, they’ll probably shy away a bit from Touma or be wary of him. Now Touma cannot fully negate a supernatural being with his Imagine Breaker unless they have a "core" or "heart" within themselves that he can properly touch and destroy. This is proven at the end of Volume 22, when Touma was able to send an Arcangel back into heaven simply by punching it with his right hand. The angel was not destroyed, but simply sent back to the realm where it originally belonged.
An extention on Imagine Breaker's abilities can be looked into
here.
Precognition: After being through a myraid of battles, Touma is now able to sense a magicial or psychic attack coming by subconsciously feeling the AIM fields or Telesma around the area and guide Imagine Breaker along with his body to minimize the damage taken. Touma himself is not aware that he has this ability.
Regeneration: It's been subtly implied through the series, but bought to life in Volume 22. Whenever Touma's right arm was cut off by Fiamma of the Right, Touma was able to regrow a new one. The details behind this are unknown, but it might have to do with 'another power' that Imagine Breaker is sealing away inside of Touma.