Data Management and Visualization. Week 1.
STEP 1. I would like to work with criminality data set from Czech statistical office.
STEP 2. Specific topic of interest was identified.
Is unemployment rate associated with criminality?
STEP 3. I prepared a codebook that includes different types of criminality (average value, household crime, financial crimes, thefts, robbery to house, rapes, murders) for different regions of country for year 2013.
STEP 4. The second topic that I would like to explore is unemployment rate.
STEP 5. I added information about unemployment rate (average value, female, male) for different regions of country for year 2013 to my personal codebook.
STEP 6. A literature review was performed on this topic.
Crime and unemployment: Evidence from Europe. Duha T. Altindag.
Unemployment has a positive influence on property crimes.
Association between unemployment, income, education level, population size and air pollution in Czech cities: Evidence for environmental inequality? A pilot national scale analysis. Martin Branis, Martina Linhartova.
Altogether 39 cities were included in the analysis. The principal component analysis revealed two factors explaining 72.8% of the data variability. The first factor explaining 44.7% of the data variability included SO2, PM10, low education level and high unemployment, documenting that inhabitants with unfavorable socioeconomic status mainly reside in smaller cities with higher concentration levels of combustion-related air pollutants. The second factor explaining 28.1% of the data variability included NO2, high salary, high education level and large population, suggesting that large cities with residents with higher socioeconomic status are exposed to higher levels of traffic-related air pollution.
The Development of Youth Crime in the Czech Republic. Daniela Květenská
The paper deals with the delinquency of children and young people, looks into the change of the structure of the criminal activities of children and young people over the past ten years.
Crime and unemployment: Another look
The present analysis compares unemployment and crime rates prevailing during the 1974-75 time period in twenty-four urban areas.
Racial composition, unemployment, and crime: Dealing with inconsistencies in panel designs. John L. Worrall.
Racial composition and unemployment have appeared as either theoretically-relevant controls or variables of substantive interest in numerous studies of crime. While there is no clear consensus in the literature as to their statistical significance, the lack of consensus has been most apparent in panel analyses with unit fixed effects.
Crime, deterrence and unemployment in Greece: A panel data approach. George Saridakisa, Hannes Spenglerb.
The results show that property crimes are significantly deterred by higher clear-up rates and that unemployment increases crime. For violent crimes, however, the effect of the clear-up rate and unemployment are found to be generally insignificant.
The link between unemployment and crime rate fluctuations: An analysis at the county, state, and national levels. Julie Phillipsa, Kenneth C. Landb.
The first is by increasing levels of criminal motivation within the population as deteriorating economic conditions affect social strain and social control; the second is by influencing the availability and vulnerability of criminal targets and thus the number of criminal opportunities. Although much empirical research has applied this theoretical model, few analyses have done so at disaggregated units of analysis.
STEP 7. Based on your literature review, develop a hypothesis about what you believe the association might be between these topics.
Research question: Is unemployment rate associated with criminality?
First data set included information for fourteen regions of country about seven types of criminality (all claimed crimes and solved crimes).
Second data set included information for fourteen regions of country about unemployment rate among females and males.
My hypothesis: in general, unemployment has a positive influence on crimes. I'm interested to look on details on association between different types of crimes and unemployment in each region of country (Czech Republic). If necessary, I could add information about previous years to see time development on dependences.
STEP 2. Specific topic of interest was identified.
Is unemployment rate associated with criminality?
STEP 3. I prepared a codebook that includes different types of criminality (average value, household crime, financial crimes, thefts, robbery to house, rapes, murders) for different regions of country for year 2013.
STEP 4. The second topic that I would like to explore is unemployment rate.
STEP 5. I added information about unemployment rate (average value, female, male) for different regions of country for year 2013 to my personal codebook.
STEP 6. A literature review was performed on this topic.
Crime and unemployment: Evidence from Europe. Duha T. Altindag.
Unemployment has a positive influence on property crimes.
Association between unemployment, income, education level, population size and air pollution in Czech cities: Evidence for environmental inequality? A pilot national scale analysis. Martin Branis, Martina Linhartova.
Altogether 39 cities were included in the analysis. The principal component analysis revealed two factors explaining 72.8% of the data variability. The first factor explaining 44.7% of the data variability included SO2, PM10, low education level and high unemployment, documenting that inhabitants with unfavorable socioeconomic status mainly reside in smaller cities with higher concentration levels of combustion-related air pollutants. The second factor explaining 28.1% of the data variability included NO2, high salary, high education level and large population, suggesting that large cities with residents with higher socioeconomic status are exposed to higher levels of traffic-related air pollution.
The Development of Youth Crime in the Czech Republic. Daniela Květenská
The paper deals with the delinquency of children and young people, looks into the change of the structure of the criminal activities of children and young people over the past ten years.
Crime and unemployment: Another look
The present analysis compares unemployment and crime rates prevailing during the 1974-75 time period in twenty-four urban areas.
Racial composition, unemployment, and crime: Dealing with inconsistencies in panel designs. John L. Worrall.
Racial composition and unemployment have appeared as either theoretically-relevant controls or variables of substantive interest in numerous studies of crime. While there is no clear consensus in the literature as to their statistical significance, the lack of consensus has been most apparent in panel analyses with unit fixed effects.
Crime, deterrence and unemployment in Greece: A panel data approach. George Saridakisa, Hannes Spenglerb.
The results show that property crimes are significantly deterred by higher clear-up rates and that unemployment increases crime. For violent crimes, however, the effect of the clear-up rate and unemployment are found to be generally insignificant.
The link between unemployment and crime rate fluctuations: An analysis at the county, state, and national levels. Julie Phillipsa, Kenneth C. Landb.
The first is by increasing levels of criminal motivation within the population as deteriorating economic conditions affect social strain and social control; the second is by influencing the availability and vulnerability of criminal targets and thus the number of criminal opportunities. Although much empirical research has applied this theoretical model, few analyses have done so at disaggregated units of analysis.
STEP 7. Based on your literature review, develop a hypothesis about what you believe the association might be between these topics.
Research question: Is unemployment rate associated with criminality?
First data set included information for fourteen regions of country about seven types of criminality (all claimed crimes and solved crimes).
Second data set included information for fourteen regions of country about unemployment rate among females and males.
My hypothesis: in general, unemployment has a positive influence on crimes. I'm interested to look on details on association between different types of crimes and unemployment in each region of country (Czech Republic). If necessary, I could add information about previous years to see time development on dependences.