Loan words
Connections between the Baltic tribes and the Finnic tribes started approximately 2500-2000 BC. It may have taken generations until any words were loaned. Finnish has about 130 loans from the baltic languages. (It's way too early to talk about 'Finland' or 'Lithuania' and 'Latvia' yet, but I used their pictures anyway) Old Prussian language, Lithuanian, Latvian. Finland has loaned at least these words from the proto-baltic:
Ahdas (narrow)
Aina (always)
Morsian (bride)
Sisar (sister)
Heimo (tribe)
Napa (bellybutton)
Reisi (thigh) Original words:
The oldest Germanic loans are from 1500-1000 BC. There are about 500 loans in Finnish which are from the old Germanic languages. Germanic languages. Finland has loaned at least these words from the germanic languages:
Äiti (mother. The original Finnish word for mother was probably emä)
Kuningas (king)
Ruhtinas (prince)
Avio (marriage)
Vainaja (deceased) Original words:
Aithi (mother)
Kuningaz (king)
Druhtinaz (warlord)
Most of the slavic words are loaned from the old Russian at the earliest in 600 AD. Old Russian, modern Russian. Finland has loaned at least these words from Russian:
Lusikka (spoon)
Vapaus (freedom)
Lusia (to be in jail)
Tolvana (blockhead)
Tuska (pain, sorrow)
Sassiin (this instant)
Sapiska (schooling, a lecture)
Pomo (boss) Original words:
ложка / lozhka (spoon)
свобода / svoboda (freedom)
служить / sluzhitʹ (to serve in the army)
болван/ bolvan (blockhead)
Тоска/ toska (longing for, depression)
сейчас / syeĭchas (just now)
записка /zapiska (note)
помощник / pomoshchnik (assistant)
More than half of the loan words are from Swedish. The oldest Swedish loan words are from 800 AD. Swedish. Finland has loaned at least these words from Swedish:
Ankka (duck)
Hattu (hat)
Apina (monkey)
Harppu (harp)
Pussata (to kiss)
Tuoli (chair)
Pankki (bank) Original words:
Anka (duck)
Hatt (hat)
Apa (monkey)
Harpa (harp)
Pussar (kisses)
Stol (chair)
Bank (Bank)
The newest loan words are from English, thanks to TV, I guess. English. Finland has loaned at least these words from English:
Pihvi (steak)
Hitti (hit, success)
Meikata (make up)
Jeeppi (jeep)
Gangsteri (gangster) Original words:
Beef
Hit
Make up
Jeep
Gangster
These aren't loan words. These are some words Finland shares with Estonia and Hungary. More with Estonia. Estonian, Hungarian. These are said to be similar words:
Veri (blood)
Mesi (nectar, honey)
Sarvi (horn)
Elävä (living)
Mennä (go)
Kala (fish)
Voi (butter) Original words:
Estonian: Veri | Hungarian: Vér (blood)
Estonian: Mesi | Hungarian: Méz (honey)
Estonian: Sarvi | Hungarian: Szarv (horn)
Estonian: Elav | Hungarian: Eleven (living)
Estonian: Minema | Hungarian: Menni (go)
Estonian: Kala | Hungarian: Hal (fish)
Estonian: Või | Hungarian: Vaj (butter)