Референдум в Каталонии: От референдума к декларации независимости
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5 октября 2017
Конституционный суд Испании запретил парламенту Каталонии проводить заседание с провозглашением независимости региона. Власти автономии назначили такое заседание на 9 октября. На нем планировалось утвердить итоги референдума об отделении Каталонии от Испании.
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http://www.elnacional.cat/en/news/constitutional-court-suspends-parliament-independence_198978_102.html
Spanish Constitutional Court suspends Catalan Parliament's referendum results debate
El Nacional
Barcelona. Thursday, 5 October 2017
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The Spanish Constitutional Court has agreed a cautionary suspension of the Catalan Parliament's agreement that sets the appearance before the chamber of the president of Catalonia, Carles Puigdemont, to discuss the effects of the referendum for Monday 9th October.
The suspension comes at the request of PSC (the Catalan branch of PSOE, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party) who presented a writ of amparo (a motion to protect constitutional rights) arguing that the agreement taken by the Parliament this Wednesday about the president's appearance violates the rights of the deputies of the chamber.
In the appeal, the left-wing party argued that if the session were to declare independence it would break the Constitution and cause an "annihilation" of the rights of the deputies. Although the sole point on the order of the day does not mention a declaration of independence, CUP (Popular Unity Candidacy) said that the Catalan republic would be proclaimed in the session.
For this reason, PSC, in their appeal, invoked article 56.6 of the law governing the Constitutional Court, which enables it to totally or partially suspend the object of the writ of amparo, in this case Puigdemont's appearance, at the moment the appeal is accepted for consideration.
Specifically, the article the party used to request the suspension of the parliamentary session says that "in cases of exceptional urgency, the adoption of the suspension and the cautionary or provisional measures can be taken in the resolution accepting the writ into consideration. This adoption can be challenged within five days of the notification, by the public prosecutor or other interested parties."
The 11 magistrates who make up the court believe that this case does involve the "exceptional urgency" referred to by the statute, as carrying through with the suspended agreement "would cause damage very difficult or impossible to repair" that "would make the writ of amparo lose its purpose".
When accepting the writ for consideration, the court declared "radically invalid and without value or any effect, any act, resolution, agreement or extrajudicial means that contravenes the suspension agreed on 7th September, namely the suspension of the 1st October referendum..
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Однако, сепаратисты придумали способ обойти запрет Конституционного суда Испании - президент Каталонии Пучдемон собирается выступить в Парламенте во вторник, 10 октября, не с отчетом о результатах референдума, что было запрещено, а с докладом о "текущей политической ситуации". Заседание назначено на 18 часов вечера.
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http://www.elnacional.cat/ca/politica/puigdemont-compareixenca-parlament-dimarts_199236_102.html
Puigdemont requests to appear in Parliament next Tuesday
El Nacional
Barcelona. Friday, October 6, 2017
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President Carles Puigdemont has asked to appear before Parliament next Tuesday. Specifically, the head of the executive has directed a letter to the president of the chamber, Carme Forcadell , requesting their appearance on Tuesday 10 in the afternoon "in order to inform about the current political situation ," without any reference on referendum. It does so under Article 169.1 of Parliament's rules of procedure .
This request is made after the suspension of the Constitutional Court , which on the basis of a protective appeal filed by the PSC, did not give effect to the agreement of the House of Parliament on Wednesday. This organ established for the Monday, October 9, the appearance of Puigdemont in plenary, as the only item on the agenda, based on article 4 of the Referendum Law . The president had to address the effects and consequences of the referendum on October 1.
Following the request of President Puigdemont, Parliament's President, Carme Forcadell, convened an extraordinary meeting of the Bureau and the Board of Spokesmen, at four thirty in the afternoon, where the demand for appearance will be evaluated..
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Национальная ассамблея Каталонии призвала сторонников независимости собраться перед Парламентом во время сессии.
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Сегодня состоялась пресс-конференция в Совете министров Испании, в основном говорил министр Мендес де Виго.
"Испанское правительство дает положительную оценку речи короля."
"Центральная избирательная комиссия считает, что референдум не проводился."
"Только один раненый госпитализирован."
"Мы призываем Пучдемона вернуться в законодательное поле."
"Правительство Испании просит не предпринимать никаких необратимых шагов."
"Правительство Испании знает, как оно должно действовать."
"Есть много голосов, которые предупреждают правительство Испании о том, что не должно быть Декларации независимости."
"Испанская полиция обратилась в суд, чтобы получить ордер на пресечение незаконного действия."
"Недостаточно, чтобы парламент Каталонии принял Декларацию независимости, ее еще должно признать международное сообщество."
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Правительство Испании утвердило декрет, который облегчает процесс переноса корпоративных штаб-квартир в другие регионы страны. Согласно новым правилам, совет директоров компании может сменить адрес регистрации в упрощенном порядке без общего собрания акционеров. По лицемерному утверждению правительства, эта мера затрагивает всю Испанию, а не только Каталонию. Но сделано это, конечно, на тот случай, если Барселона в одностороннем порядке объявит о независимости Каталонии. О возможном переезде из региона уже объявили несколько крупных компаний.
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http://www.elnacional.cat/en/news/madrid-government-companies-leave-catalonia_199053_102.html
Reports Madrid government to help companies to leave Catalonia
El Nacional
Barcelona. Thursday, 5 October 2017
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Mariano Rajoy's Spanish government is considering passing a statutory order that would enable companies to leave Catalonia without having to organising a shareholders' meeting, the news agency Reuters has reported this Thursday. This would involve a decree developing an amendment to the 2015 Law of Listed Companies.
The rule could be approved in this Friday's cabinet meeting. For the moment the Economy Ministry is neither confirming nor denying the reports.
The news comes the same day as the directors of Banco Sabadell, Spain's fifth-largest banking group, approved moving their headquarters to Alicante in Valencia without calling an extraordinary shareholders' meeting, as the group's statutes allow this option.
As a general rule, changing a company's registered office can be decided by its board of directors, unless there's an express mention in its statutes requiring a shareholders' meeting to be called.
This is the case with the statutes of banking group La Caixa. As such, some reports suggest that this new measure from the Spanish government could be aimed at helping them move, the largest Catalan banking group, avoiding them needing to agree the decision in a shareholders' meeting..
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Испания отвергла предложение Швейцарии о посредничестве на переговорах с Каталонией. И, вообще, всякое иностранное посредничество.
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UDI = unilateral declaration of independence (одностороннее провозглашение независимости)
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Открытое для подписания обращение с призывом провозгласить независимость Каталонии
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https://proclamacio.cat/
Barcelona, October 5, 2017
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Manifest for the Declaration of Independence
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After the result of the referendum on self-determination on the independence of Catalonia on October 1, which gives a forceful victory of Yes.
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Given the violent repression of fundamental rights by the police forces commanded by Spain.
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Obey the Referendum Law passed by the Parliament of Catalonia which makes the referendum a binding political act.
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With respect for the sacrifices and lesson of dignity that the citizens of Catalonia showed on October 1, protecting the right to vote and exercising the right to self-determination.
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The sub-signatories demand that the Parliament of Catalonia proclaim the independent Catalan Republic in the terms established by law, as stated by the President of the Generalitat, Carles Puigdemont, on October 1 at night, that is, 48 hours after the proclamation of the final result.
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The international community will only react if Parliament and the government fulfill their commitments.
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The only possible negotiation with the Spanish State is after the proclamation of the Catalan Republic and only in relation to the recognition of the independent Catalan Republic.
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The only way to make the survival of the Catalan institutions possible is to sustain them in the popular will expressed on October 1 and with the majority of Parliament arising on September 27, 2015.
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We support our representatives in fulfilling the mandate to declare independence, a decision taken by the Catalans in referendum. This decision can not be delayed, and less when the State is seriously breaching the rights of citizens, processing their public servants and using violence and threats.
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In this context of repression and intervention, anything other than declaring independence means accepting submission, retreat and impoverishment.
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Only the Catalan Republic opens the path to freedom, progress and prosperity.
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Каталония, 3 октября 2017
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Интересное интервью с официальным представителем правительства Каталонии
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http://www.euractiv.com/section/future-eu/interview/catalonias-chief-communicator-we-will-be-independent-and-an-eu-member/
Catalonia’s chief communicator: We will be independent and an EU member
By Georgi Gotev | EURACTIV.com
Oct 5, 2017
EXCLUSIVE / The EU may be reluctant now but it will inevitably accept to mediate in the separation of Catalonia from Spain and the presence of the new Catalan state within the EU, Joan Maria Piqué told EURACTIV in an interview.
Joan Maria Piqué is the director of international communications for the Government of Catalonia.
He spoke to EURACTIV’s Senior Editor Georgi Gotev.
What are your plans? Is independence going to be declared on Monday?
We haven’t decided yet. A lot of things are under consideration. The transition law that was approved by the Catalan parliament is clear and we will fulfil it, but the president, the government and the parliament will decide how they accomplish what is stated in the law. On Monday the parliament will be in session, President [of the government] Puigdemont is called to explain to the chamber the results of last Sunday’s referendum, and then the parliament will decide.
In what terms is he going to explain the results? I’m asking because it looks like there is no majority of people who have voted for independence, given the turnout.
I have to disagree. The result is clear for us. Every analysis shows there is a majority for the independence of the country. I can understand your doubts, but they are not your responsibility, they are the responsibility of the brutal aggression by the Spanish government, who sent riot police to beat and humiliate, and to torture peaceful voters. Their only crime was that they wanted to cast a vote. This should be the shame of Europe. Of course, this is the shame of Spain. Nothing like that has ever happened in a Western democratic country - riot police to be sent to beat, not even peaceful demonstrators, but peaceful voters. People who were just queuing in front of a polling station and wanted to cast a vote. This should not be tolerated. Europe should take a stance. Every country, every leader should take a position so that this never happens again. Authoritarianism in Europe should not be tolerated.
The vote took part with normality in almost 95% of the polling stations, and the others suffered the aggression of the Spanish military police. The turnout at the places where there was no aggression was 50-60-70%. And the majority for independence was clear. And the Spanish government knew it was going to lose the referendum if it were to take place in normal conditions. This explains the harsh brutality of the Spanish police, the images are there for all to see, we don’t need to add anything to that.
I understand your way of presenting the case, but at the same time, the referendum is illegal according to the Spanish constitution…
I’m sorry, but I have to disagree. The referendum was not illegal. Calling a referendum is not illegal under Spanish law. The Constitution says nothing about referendums. And in the penal code, there is nothing about calling a referendum illegal. [Former PM] Zapatero took this out from the penal code. And in any democracy, when something is not in the penal code, it’s not illegal. That’s how it should be. This is our first point. Our second point is that it was not illegal, because there was a law in the Catalan parliament that governed it. But even in the case that it would be considered illegal by some, which it is not, and I insist, this does not justify beating, mistreating, insulting people, as the Spanish police did.
The three major political forces in the European Parliament are siding with Madrid on the issue of the constitutionality of the referendum. ALDE leader Guy Verhofstadt calls the referendum irresponsible, he says it will create a fracture in your society that is impossible to heal…
Saying that democracy creates fractures is the favourite argument of the totalitarians. This was an argument being used very intensively by Franco. This is why they didn’t vote in Spain for 40 years. This is pure nonsense. We know that Europe is not fast in adapting, we remember all the warnings Europe sent to the Baltics, or to Slovenia, or to other new countries that arose in the 20th century in Europe, against proclaiming independence. But most of those countries are now EU members and even preside the EU when is their due time.
But in the case of Catalonia, it will be the other way around. If your independence becomes effective one day, Catalonia will find itself outside the EU.
I completely reject this affirmation.
But this affirmation comes from the Commission…
I’m sorry, but these are personal opinions from spokespersons from the Commission who are expressing their personal views. The European Commission has never pronounced itself by text, and there is no memorandum about this, because no country has asked for such a position.
I can send you a text recently published by the Commission…
You can send me lots of personal opinions by spokespersons, by Romano Prodi, by Barroso…
In any case Margaritis Schinas said…
I know Margaritis Schinas and we have a good personal relationship, but he is nothing more than an employee of the European Commission.
Would it make a difference if Commission President Juncker repeated it?
What would make a difference is if the Commission gets an official petition from a member state, asking what would happen if a member state split, what would happen with the two parts of it. And then the Commission should make an official statement, and a lot of analyses and a paper on that, this would be an official position. Apart from that, everything else is personal opinions intended to scare voters, because we understand that Europe doesn’t want another problem on the table. But the situation is that 80% of the Catalan people want to vote in a referendum about self-determination. This referendum took place last Sunday, it was clearly won by the ‘Yes’ side, and now the Catalan government, the Catalan parliament, have a mandate from the Catalan people.
Catalonia could be expelled from the European Union only if Spain recognises it as an independent state. But this would mean there is an agreement between Catalonia and Spain, because recognition comes from an agreement. But if there is such an agreement for recognition, what is the point of expelling Catalonia from the EU? It’s in the benefit of no-one. It’s not for the benefit of Spain - 55% of all exports of Spain go through Catalonia. Are they going to pay tariffs? There are 9,000 multinationals in Catalonia, most of them European. Are they going to pay tariffs? What is the point of expelling 7.5 million Europeans from a country that is a net contributor to the EU budget? Expelling a country that has Barcelona, the most dynamic and attractive city in the south of Europe? The only point would be revenge. But revenge doesn’t serve the common interest. So this is not going to happen.
I’m not so optimistic, because the situation is likely to worsen, and the only thing that can prevent a very serious aggravation is mediation. And it looks like your government would like the EU to be involved, although the EU doesn’t want to, because Spain is a member country and such mediations have never been the case before.
They never thought of bailing out Greece and they didn’t have a mechanism to do this, they never thought of approving sanctions against Austria, they never thought of changing the prime minister in Italy. The EU has done a lot of things they thought they will never do. And again, they have done them. Because this is what reality is all about. Reality is not something contained in textbooks. Reality is something that is in motion. The EU will do what it has done always, with initial reluctance and after that, with pragmatic acceptance. Remember how Cyprus entered the European Union - it’s a country that is divided. And how Eastern Germany joined, overnight, without complying with any of the European regulations. The EU always finds a solution for every problem. And they will do it when they see the interests of the member states are at stake.
We are starting to realise that the respect for fundamental values, for democracy, civil rights, are not in the core business of the EU anymore. And it is in the hands of the EU to change this perception. In the end, things are very simple. If there is a majority of the Catalan people who want Catalonia to become an independent state, this will happen. Full-stop. Because in a democratic Europe the will of the people cannot be forced. You cannot tell the Catalans they are forced to stay with Spain, a country that sent its riot police to beat them when they wanted to vote, with a country whose head of state makes shameful statements, aligning himself with one party in government. You cannot force the Catalans to remain with Spain because this is not democracy. If the EU is not about democracy, what is it about?
I’m really not sure the EU believes a majority of Catalans want independence.
OK, this I can understand…
Therefore many consider that what you are doing is like a coup d’état…
This is pure nonsense. How do you do a coup d’état with ballot boxes and peaceful voters? A coup d’état was done by sending riot police to beat people.
People might say you are provoking such a scenario.
The Catalan government wasn’t queuing at the polling stations. Peaceful people were there, and they faced aggression. And you are not saying a single word about that. In which world do you live? You are in Brussels. In which world do you live?
What I can tell you is that in the Brussels pressroom there was enormous outrage at the violence, and also outrage for the lack of strong condemnation on behalf of the Commission. But there is a feeling in Brussels that you are at loggerheads, you, an extremist type of government in Catalonia with an extremist type of government in Madrid, and that this is going nowhere. A lot of people here think Catalonia may find itself outside the EU, the question being ‘didn’t you learn from Brexit’? This divorce is such a messy thing.
Brexit has nothing to do with us. Of course, I don’t like Brexit, I would have voted Remain. I still believe in a European project, although not this one, which is highly cynical and irresponsible. Brexit could have been avoided if the EU had been involved a long time before. In the case of Spain, they should have distributed the charges of austerity in a more fair way. But they never did that. We went to Brussels several times. We met a lot of commissioners. We warned them about what was going to happen. Yesterday the Spanish market fell heavily. It’s going to fall more because this is what happens when there is no solution for the problems. The sooner the EU gets involved in a mediation, the better everyone.
You need the EU, but you just called it cynical. It’s going to be difficult.
When you see the reaction of the European Commission to the images we saw on Sunday, and imagine your mother, your sister, your brother being pulled by the hair out of a polling station by Spanish riot police, what would you say?
So what would be the ideal solution, a divorce like in Czechoslovakia?
This is indeed a model for everyone. Things can be done in a civilised way.
Yes, but in Czechoslovakia, the will of the whole population was taken into account. If the whole of Spain votes there will be no divorce.
This is complete nonsense because we are only 16% of the population. This means that the brutal majority of the Spanish people would impose itself over Catalonia again. We are a national minority but we are not respected as one. Did the whole of the EU vote for Brexit? Did the whole of the UK vote for Scottish independence? Did the whole of Canada vote for the Quebec independence? This is nonsense and Spanish propaganda.
Spain has a lot of influence in the EU, I’m sure you’re aware…
Of course, and states help each other, this is quite logical, but we continue to think that in a project founded on democracy, if the Catalan people make their voice heard, it will be heard. We will prevail, as Slovenians, Czechs, Slovaks have done in the past. I know it’s going to be difficult, because all the international relations are created by the states, and it’s not easy to become members of the club. In the last century, 21 European countries have become independent. This is something that happens all the time. If Austria can be a state, if Malta can be a state, if Finland can be a state, why not Catalonia, if the Catalans want to?
Aren’t you afraid that members of the Catalan government, you included, may end up in jail?
Nobody wants that. But you have seen the massive mobilisation of people. If this is the only way they know, so be it. But this will not solve the problem. You cannot stop a spring just with your hands.
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Альфред де Сайас
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"Каталония, жизнеспособное независимое государство?"
5 октября 2017
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In the event of a declaration of independence, Catalonia is faced with the question of its recognition by other countries, and particularly the Europe on which its viability depends.
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Should Catalonia declare its independence unilateral, would it become a State?
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"The recognition of a state is declarative, not constitutive," explains Alfred de Zayas, independent expert, professor at Geneva School of Diplomacy, Geneva. For a State to be created, it must respect the four criteria defined by the Montevideo Convention (December 1933) on the rights and duties of States. These criteria are: having a defined population, territory, government and the ability to interact with other states. All that Catalonia has to offer.
"We can not say yes to the self-determination of Kosovo and not to that of Catalonia," he, who introduced a report on self-determination to the United Nations General Assembly (A / 69/272), continued. There are also real parallels between the case of Scotland and that of Catalonia. They both have different cultures, histories and dialects. International law is universal and if independence is good for Estonia, Slovakia or Montenegro, this should also go for Catalonia."
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Would an independent Catalonia always be European?
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"The principle of self-determination finds its limits on the outside. Are there any countries to recognize Catalonia? For the time being, the Catalans have no support outside, and especially not Europe, "said Michel Foucher, geographer and diplomat for whom the international context is not favorable to the creation of a new State.
For the European Commission, there is no debate. Catalonia would emerge from the EU if it were to become independent. It would become a third country where the European treaties would no longer apply without the constraints and advantages that go with the Union. "We will demand our integration into the EU," Catalan officials say. Of course, they can apply. It will be voted on unanimously by all the Heads of State and Government of the Member States, and also by Mariano Rajoy, the Spanish Prime Minister who will veto. Similarly, an independent Catalan, already excluded from the EU, would find it difficult to join NATO, where any candidate for membership must obtain the backing of all the allies. So from Spain.
Michel Foucher also sees a fundamental obstacle to the integration of Catalonia: "The European Union was created on the principle of solidarity, but the Catalans have a discourse of rupture with solidarity when they refuse to pay for the poor regions of Spain."
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Is mediation possible?
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It is claimed by the Catalans themselves. "We must ensure that we avoid violence," says Alfred de Zayas, "the realization of the right to self-determination, whether internal or external, is a conflict prevention strategy. In the case of Catalonia mediation is necessary. Whether it is the United Nations or the European Union, they can not let the situation get out of control."
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Отчет международных наблюдателей о референдуме 1 октября
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http://www.cataloniavotes.eu/en/statement-by-the-international-parliamentary-delegation-on-catalonias-referendum-on-self-determination-oct-1st-2017/
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Statement by the International Parliamentary Delegation on Catalonia’s Referendum on Self-Determination Oct. 1st 2017
Opening Remarks
(a) The violence of the Spanish State that brought about more than 800 individuals being injured.
(b) The electronic sabotage deployed against the democratic vote.
(c) The removal of ballot boxes by Spanish State Forces.
Participation Process
Main Findings
Strengths
Weaknesses
Final remarks
Barcelona, October 1st 2017
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Демонстрация солидарности в Валенсии 9 октября
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/147889.html
Испанские оккупанты, вон с каталонской земли!
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/154418.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Теперь Каталония получила право на сецессию
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/154365.html
Референдум в Каталонии: В Каталонии объявлена всеобщая забастовка
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/154872.html?
Референдум в Каталонии: Для Каталонии больше нет места в Испании
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5 октября 2017
Конституционный суд Испании запретил парламенту Каталонии проводить заседание с провозглашением независимости региона. Власти автономии назначили такое заседание на 9 октября. На нем планировалось утвердить итоги референдума об отделении Каталонии от Испании.
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http://www.elnacional.cat/en/news/constitutional-court-suspends-parliament-independence_198978_102.html
Spanish Constitutional Court suspends Catalan Parliament's referendum results debate
El Nacional
Barcelona. Thursday, 5 October 2017
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The Spanish Constitutional Court has agreed a cautionary suspension of the Catalan Parliament's agreement that sets the appearance before the chamber of the president of Catalonia, Carles Puigdemont, to discuss the effects of the referendum for Monday 9th October.
The suspension comes at the request of PSC (the Catalan branch of PSOE, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party) who presented a writ of amparo (a motion to protect constitutional rights) arguing that the agreement taken by the Parliament this Wednesday about the president's appearance violates the rights of the deputies of the chamber.
In the appeal, the left-wing party argued that if the session were to declare independence it would break the Constitution and cause an "annihilation" of the rights of the deputies. Although the sole point on the order of the day does not mention a declaration of independence, CUP (Popular Unity Candidacy) said that the Catalan republic would be proclaimed in the session.
For this reason, PSC, in their appeal, invoked article 56.6 of the law governing the Constitutional Court, which enables it to totally or partially suspend the object of the writ of amparo, in this case Puigdemont's appearance, at the moment the appeal is accepted for consideration.
Specifically, the article the party used to request the suspension of the parliamentary session says that "in cases of exceptional urgency, the adoption of the suspension and the cautionary or provisional measures can be taken in the resolution accepting the writ into consideration. This adoption can be challenged within five days of the notification, by the public prosecutor or other interested parties."
The 11 magistrates who make up the court believe that this case does involve the "exceptional urgency" referred to by the statute, as carrying through with the suspended agreement "would cause damage very difficult or impossible to repair" that "would make the writ of amparo lose its purpose".
When accepting the writ for consideration, the court declared "radically invalid and without value or any effect, any act, resolution, agreement or extrajudicial means that contravenes the suspension agreed on 7th September, namely the suspension of the 1st October referendum..
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Однако, сепаратисты придумали способ обойти запрет Конституционного суда Испании - президент Каталонии Пучдемон собирается выступить в Парламенте во вторник, 10 октября, не с отчетом о результатах референдума, что было запрещено, а с докладом о "текущей политической ситуации". Заседание назначено на 18 часов вечера.
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http://www.elnacional.cat/ca/politica/puigdemont-compareixenca-parlament-dimarts_199236_102.html
Puigdemont requests to appear in Parliament next Tuesday
El Nacional
Barcelona. Friday, October 6, 2017
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President Carles Puigdemont has asked to appear before Parliament next Tuesday. Specifically, the head of the executive has directed a letter to the president of the chamber, Carme Forcadell , requesting their appearance on Tuesday 10 in the afternoon "in order to inform about the current political situation ," without any reference on referendum. It does so under Article 169.1 of Parliament's rules of procedure .
This request is made after the suspension of the Constitutional Court , which on the basis of a protective appeal filed by the PSC, did not give effect to the agreement of the House of Parliament on Wednesday. This organ established for the Monday, October 9, the appearance of Puigdemont in plenary, as the only item on the agenda, based on article 4 of the Referendum Law . The president had to address the effects and consequences of the referendum on October 1.
Following the request of President Puigdemont, Parliament's President, Carme Forcadell, convened an extraordinary meeting of the Bureau and the Board of Spokesmen, at four thirty in the afternoon, where the demand for appearance will be evaluated..
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Национальная ассамблея Каталонии призвала сторонников независимости собраться перед Парламентом во время сессии.
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Сегодня состоялась пресс-конференция в Совете министров Испании, в основном говорил министр Мендес де Виго.
"Испанское правительство дает положительную оценку речи короля."
"Центральная избирательная комиссия считает, что референдум не проводился."
"Только один раненый госпитализирован."
"Мы призываем Пучдемона вернуться в законодательное поле."
"Правительство Испании просит не предпринимать никаких необратимых шагов."
"Правительство Испании знает, как оно должно действовать."
"Есть много голосов, которые предупреждают правительство Испании о том, что не должно быть Декларации независимости."
"Испанская полиция обратилась в суд, чтобы получить ордер на пресечение незаконного действия."
"Недостаточно, чтобы парламент Каталонии принял Декларацию независимости, ее еще должно признать международное сообщество."
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Правительство Испании утвердило декрет, который облегчает процесс переноса корпоративных штаб-квартир в другие регионы страны. Согласно новым правилам, совет директоров компании может сменить адрес регистрации в упрощенном порядке без общего собрания акционеров. По лицемерному утверждению правительства, эта мера затрагивает всю Испанию, а не только Каталонию. Но сделано это, конечно, на тот случай, если Барселона в одностороннем порядке объявит о независимости Каталонии. О возможном переезде из региона уже объявили несколько крупных компаний.
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http://www.elnacional.cat/en/news/madrid-government-companies-leave-catalonia_199053_102.html
Reports Madrid government to help companies to leave Catalonia
El Nacional
Barcelona. Thursday, 5 October 2017
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Mariano Rajoy's Spanish government is considering passing a statutory order that would enable companies to leave Catalonia without having to organising a shareholders' meeting, the news agency Reuters has reported this Thursday. This would involve a decree developing an amendment to the 2015 Law of Listed Companies.
The rule could be approved in this Friday's cabinet meeting. For the moment the Economy Ministry is neither confirming nor denying the reports.
The news comes the same day as the directors of Banco Sabadell, Spain's fifth-largest banking group, approved moving their headquarters to Alicante in Valencia without calling an extraordinary shareholders' meeting, as the group's statutes allow this option.
As a general rule, changing a company's registered office can be decided by its board of directors, unless there's an express mention in its statutes requiring a shareholders' meeting to be called.
This is the case with the statutes of banking group La Caixa. As such, some reports suggest that this new measure from the Spanish government could be aimed at helping them move, the largest Catalan banking group, avoiding them needing to agree the decision in a shareholders' meeting..
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Испания отвергла предложение Швейцарии о посредничестве на переговорах с Каталонией. И, вообще, всякое иностранное посредничество.
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UDI = unilateral declaration of independence (одностороннее провозглашение независимости)
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Открытое для подписания обращение с призывом провозгласить независимость Каталонии
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https://proclamacio.cat/
Barcelona, October 5, 2017
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Manifest for the Declaration of Independence
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After the result of the referendum on self-determination on the independence of Catalonia on October 1, which gives a forceful victory of Yes.
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Given the violent repression of fundamental rights by the police forces commanded by Spain.
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Obey the Referendum Law passed by the Parliament of Catalonia which makes the referendum a binding political act.
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With respect for the sacrifices and lesson of dignity that the citizens of Catalonia showed on October 1, protecting the right to vote and exercising the right to self-determination.
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The sub-signatories demand that the Parliament of Catalonia proclaim the independent Catalan Republic in the terms established by law, as stated by the President of the Generalitat, Carles Puigdemont, on October 1 at night, that is, 48 hours after the proclamation of the final result.
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The international community will only react if Parliament and the government fulfill their commitments.
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The only possible negotiation with the Spanish State is after the proclamation of the Catalan Republic and only in relation to the recognition of the independent Catalan Republic.
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The only way to make the survival of the Catalan institutions possible is to sustain them in the popular will expressed on October 1 and with the majority of Parliament arising on September 27, 2015.
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We support our representatives in fulfilling the mandate to declare independence, a decision taken by the Catalans in referendum. This decision can not be delayed, and less when the State is seriously breaching the rights of citizens, processing their public servants and using violence and threats.
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In this context of repression and intervention, anything other than declaring independence means accepting submission, retreat and impoverishment.
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Only the Catalan Republic opens the path to freedom, progress and prosperity.
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Каталония, 3 октября 2017
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Интересное интервью с официальным представителем правительства Каталонии
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http://www.euractiv.com/section/future-eu/interview/catalonias-chief-communicator-we-will-be-independent-and-an-eu-member/
Catalonia’s chief communicator: We will be independent and an EU member
By Georgi Gotev | EURACTIV.com
Oct 5, 2017
EXCLUSIVE / The EU may be reluctant now but it will inevitably accept to mediate in the separation of Catalonia from Spain and the presence of the new Catalan state within the EU, Joan Maria Piqué told EURACTIV in an interview.
Joan Maria Piqué is the director of international communications for the Government of Catalonia.
He spoke to EURACTIV’s Senior Editor Georgi Gotev.
What are your plans? Is independence going to be declared on Monday?
We haven’t decided yet. A lot of things are under consideration. The transition law that was approved by the Catalan parliament is clear and we will fulfil it, but the president, the government and the parliament will decide how they accomplish what is stated in the law. On Monday the parliament will be in session, President [of the government] Puigdemont is called to explain to the chamber the results of last Sunday’s referendum, and then the parliament will decide.
In what terms is he going to explain the results? I’m asking because it looks like there is no majority of people who have voted for independence, given the turnout.
I have to disagree. The result is clear for us. Every analysis shows there is a majority for the independence of the country. I can understand your doubts, but they are not your responsibility, they are the responsibility of the brutal aggression by the Spanish government, who sent riot police to beat and humiliate, and to torture peaceful voters. Their only crime was that they wanted to cast a vote. This should be the shame of Europe. Of course, this is the shame of Spain. Nothing like that has ever happened in a Western democratic country - riot police to be sent to beat, not even peaceful demonstrators, but peaceful voters. People who were just queuing in front of a polling station and wanted to cast a vote. This should not be tolerated. Europe should take a stance. Every country, every leader should take a position so that this never happens again. Authoritarianism in Europe should not be tolerated.
The vote took part with normality in almost 95% of the polling stations, and the others suffered the aggression of the Spanish military police. The turnout at the places where there was no aggression was 50-60-70%. And the majority for independence was clear. And the Spanish government knew it was going to lose the referendum if it were to take place in normal conditions. This explains the harsh brutality of the Spanish police, the images are there for all to see, we don’t need to add anything to that.
I understand your way of presenting the case, but at the same time, the referendum is illegal according to the Spanish constitution…
I’m sorry, but I have to disagree. The referendum was not illegal. Calling a referendum is not illegal under Spanish law. The Constitution says nothing about referendums. And in the penal code, there is nothing about calling a referendum illegal. [Former PM] Zapatero took this out from the penal code. And in any democracy, when something is not in the penal code, it’s not illegal. That’s how it should be. This is our first point. Our second point is that it was not illegal, because there was a law in the Catalan parliament that governed it. But even in the case that it would be considered illegal by some, which it is not, and I insist, this does not justify beating, mistreating, insulting people, as the Spanish police did.
The three major political forces in the European Parliament are siding with Madrid on the issue of the constitutionality of the referendum. ALDE leader Guy Verhofstadt calls the referendum irresponsible, he says it will create a fracture in your society that is impossible to heal…
Saying that democracy creates fractures is the favourite argument of the totalitarians. This was an argument being used very intensively by Franco. This is why they didn’t vote in Spain for 40 years. This is pure nonsense. We know that Europe is not fast in adapting, we remember all the warnings Europe sent to the Baltics, or to Slovenia, or to other new countries that arose in the 20th century in Europe, against proclaiming independence. But most of those countries are now EU members and even preside the EU when is their due time.
But in the case of Catalonia, it will be the other way around. If your independence becomes effective one day, Catalonia will find itself outside the EU.
I completely reject this affirmation.
But this affirmation comes from the Commission…
I’m sorry, but these are personal opinions from spokespersons from the Commission who are expressing their personal views. The European Commission has never pronounced itself by text, and there is no memorandum about this, because no country has asked for such a position.
I can send you a text recently published by the Commission…
You can send me lots of personal opinions by spokespersons, by Romano Prodi, by Barroso…
In any case Margaritis Schinas said…
I know Margaritis Schinas and we have a good personal relationship, but he is nothing more than an employee of the European Commission.
Would it make a difference if Commission President Juncker repeated it?
What would make a difference is if the Commission gets an official petition from a member state, asking what would happen if a member state split, what would happen with the two parts of it. And then the Commission should make an official statement, and a lot of analyses and a paper on that, this would be an official position. Apart from that, everything else is personal opinions intended to scare voters, because we understand that Europe doesn’t want another problem on the table. But the situation is that 80% of the Catalan people want to vote in a referendum about self-determination. This referendum took place last Sunday, it was clearly won by the ‘Yes’ side, and now the Catalan government, the Catalan parliament, have a mandate from the Catalan people.
Catalonia could be expelled from the European Union only if Spain recognises it as an independent state. But this would mean there is an agreement between Catalonia and Spain, because recognition comes from an agreement. But if there is such an agreement for recognition, what is the point of expelling Catalonia from the EU? It’s in the benefit of no-one. It’s not for the benefit of Spain - 55% of all exports of Spain go through Catalonia. Are they going to pay tariffs? There are 9,000 multinationals in Catalonia, most of them European. Are they going to pay tariffs? What is the point of expelling 7.5 million Europeans from a country that is a net contributor to the EU budget? Expelling a country that has Barcelona, the most dynamic and attractive city in the south of Europe? The only point would be revenge. But revenge doesn’t serve the common interest. So this is not going to happen.
I’m not so optimistic, because the situation is likely to worsen, and the only thing that can prevent a very serious aggravation is mediation. And it looks like your government would like the EU to be involved, although the EU doesn’t want to, because Spain is a member country and such mediations have never been the case before.
They never thought of bailing out Greece and they didn’t have a mechanism to do this, they never thought of approving sanctions against Austria, they never thought of changing the prime minister in Italy. The EU has done a lot of things they thought they will never do. And again, they have done them. Because this is what reality is all about. Reality is not something contained in textbooks. Reality is something that is in motion. The EU will do what it has done always, with initial reluctance and after that, with pragmatic acceptance. Remember how Cyprus entered the European Union - it’s a country that is divided. And how Eastern Germany joined, overnight, without complying with any of the European regulations. The EU always finds a solution for every problem. And they will do it when they see the interests of the member states are at stake.
We are starting to realise that the respect for fundamental values, for democracy, civil rights, are not in the core business of the EU anymore. And it is in the hands of the EU to change this perception. In the end, things are very simple. If there is a majority of the Catalan people who want Catalonia to become an independent state, this will happen. Full-stop. Because in a democratic Europe the will of the people cannot be forced. You cannot tell the Catalans they are forced to stay with Spain, a country that sent its riot police to beat them when they wanted to vote, with a country whose head of state makes shameful statements, aligning himself with one party in government. You cannot force the Catalans to remain with Spain because this is not democracy. If the EU is not about democracy, what is it about?
I’m really not sure the EU believes a majority of Catalans want independence.
OK, this I can understand…
Therefore many consider that what you are doing is like a coup d’état…
This is pure nonsense. How do you do a coup d’état with ballot boxes and peaceful voters? A coup d’état was done by sending riot police to beat people.
People might say you are provoking such a scenario.
The Catalan government wasn’t queuing at the polling stations. Peaceful people were there, and they faced aggression. And you are not saying a single word about that. In which world do you live? You are in Brussels. In which world do you live?
What I can tell you is that in the Brussels pressroom there was enormous outrage at the violence, and also outrage for the lack of strong condemnation on behalf of the Commission. But there is a feeling in Brussels that you are at loggerheads, you, an extremist type of government in Catalonia with an extremist type of government in Madrid, and that this is going nowhere. A lot of people here think Catalonia may find itself outside the EU, the question being ‘didn’t you learn from Brexit’? This divorce is such a messy thing.
Brexit has nothing to do with us. Of course, I don’t like Brexit, I would have voted Remain. I still believe in a European project, although not this one, which is highly cynical and irresponsible. Brexit could have been avoided if the EU had been involved a long time before. In the case of Spain, they should have distributed the charges of austerity in a more fair way. But they never did that. We went to Brussels several times. We met a lot of commissioners. We warned them about what was going to happen. Yesterday the Spanish market fell heavily. It’s going to fall more because this is what happens when there is no solution for the problems. The sooner the EU gets involved in a mediation, the better everyone.
You need the EU, but you just called it cynical. It’s going to be difficult.
When you see the reaction of the European Commission to the images we saw on Sunday, and imagine your mother, your sister, your brother being pulled by the hair out of a polling station by Spanish riot police, what would you say?
So what would be the ideal solution, a divorce like in Czechoslovakia?
This is indeed a model for everyone. Things can be done in a civilised way.
Yes, but in Czechoslovakia, the will of the whole population was taken into account. If the whole of Spain votes there will be no divorce.
This is complete nonsense because we are only 16% of the population. This means that the brutal majority of the Spanish people would impose itself over Catalonia again. We are a national minority but we are not respected as one. Did the whole of the EU vote for Brexit? Did the whole of the UK vote for Scottish independence? Did the whole of Canada vote for the Quebec independence? This is nonsense and Spanish propaganda.
Spain has a lot of influence in the EU, I’m sure you’re aware…
Of course, and states help each other, this is quite logical, but we continue to think that in a project founded on democracy, if the Catalan people make their voice heard, it will be heard. We will prevail, as Slovenians, Czechs, Slovaks have done in the past. I know it’s going to be difficult, because all the international relations are created by the states, and it’s not easy to become members of the club. In the last century, 21 European countries have become independent. This is something that happens all the time. If Austria can be a state, if Malta can be a state, if Finland can be a state, why not Catalonia, if the Catalans want to?
Aren’t you afraid that members of the Catalan government, you included, may end up in jail?
Nobody wants that. But you have seen the massive mobilisation of people. If this is the only way they know, so be it. But this will not solve the problem. You cannot stop a spring just with your hands.
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Альфред де Сайас
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"Каталония, жизнеспособное независимое государство?"
5 октября 2017
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In the event of a declaration of independence, Catalonia is faced with the question of its recognition by other countries, and particularly the Europe on which its viability depends.
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Should Catalonia declare its independence unilateral, would it become a State?
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"The recognition of a state is declarative, not constitutive," explains Alfred de Zayas, independent expert, professor at Geneva School of Diplomacy, Geneva. For a State to be created, it must respect the four criteria defined by the Montevideo Convention (December 1933) on the rights and duties of States. These criteria are: having a defined population, territory, government and the ability to interact with other states. All that Catalonia has to offer.
"We can not say yes to the self-determination of Kosovo and not to that of Catalonia," he, who introduced a report on self-determination to the United Nations General Assembly (A / 69/272), continued. There are also real parallels between the case of Scotland and that of Catalonia. They both have different cultures, histories and dialects. International law is universal and if independence is good for Estonia, Slovakia or Montenegro, this should also go for Catalonia."
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Would an independent Catalonia always be European?
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"The principle of self-determination finds its limits on the outside. Are there any countries to recognize Catalonia? For the time being, the Catalans have no support outside, and especially not Europe, "said Michel Foucher, geographer and diplomat for whom the international context is not favorable to the creation of a new State.
For the European Commission, there is no debate. Catalonia would emerge from the EU if it were to become independent. It would become a third country where the European treaties would no longer apply without the constraints and advantages that go with the Union. "We will demand our integration into the EU," Catalan officials say. Of course, they can apply. It will be voted on unanimously by all the Heads of State and Government of the Member States, and also by Mariano Rajoy, the Spanish Prime Minister who will veto. Similarly, an independent Catalan, already excluded from the EU, would find it difficult to join NATO, where any candidate for membership must obtain the backing of all the allies. So from Spain.
Michel Foucher also sees a fundamental obstacle to the integration of Catalonia: "The European Union was created on the principle of solidarity, but the Catalans have a discourse of rupture with solidarity when they refuse to pay for the poor regions of Spain."
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Is mediation possible?
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It is claimed by the Catalans themselves. "We must ensure that we avoid violence," says Alfred de Zayas, "the realization of the right to self-determination, whether internal or external, is a conflict prevention strategy. In the case of Catalonia mediation is necessary. Whether it is the United Nations or the European Union, they can not let the situation get out of control."
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Отчет международных наблюдателей о референдуме 1 октября
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http://www.cataloniavotes.eu/en/statement-by-the-international-parliamentary-delegation-on-catalonias-referendum-on-self-determination-oct-1st-2017/
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Statement by the International Parliamentary Delegation on Catalonia’s Referendum on Self-Determination Oct. 1st 2017
Opening Remarks
- We were impressed and reassured by the patient, determined and non-violent behaviour of the huge number of people who came out to vote across Catalonia.
- As a Parliamentary Delegation we wish to express abhorrence at:
(a) The violence of the Spanish State that brought about more than 800 individuals being injured.
(b) The electronic sabotage deployed against the democratic vote.
(c) The removal of ballot boxes by Spanish State Forces.
- We would like to express our admiration for scrupulous and professional work of polling staff across Catalonia in the face of real and significant problems and pressures.
Participation Process
- We are a cross party delegation of present and former Parliamentarians from Europe and other countries. We have been asked by the Public Diplomacy Council of Catalonia to observe the Referendum on Self-Determination and to report to the interested public on the process.
- In following these instructions we applied the Code of conduct for international election observers.
- On the day of the referendum - naturally aware of tensions between the Catalonian initiative and the Spanish authorities - we visited several polling stations where we observed a great number of citizens expecting to vote.
- The delegation was treated with respect and enjoyed co-operation with all those involved in the process. We had the freedom to travel and interrogate as we saw fit and experienced no coercion or direction. We were able to meet participants from all sides of the debate. We were also able to interact with the media at all times.
- We can make no comment on the polls which took place abroad, as we did not observe them.
- The Referendum of October 1, has been conducted under challenging circumstances, and we believe it has achieved - regardless of the controversy and pain caused - a success.
Main Findings
- As far as the organization of the polling stations is concerned, we found that the process was prepared thoroughly and in agreement with the existing legislation of the Kingdom of Spain.
- Regardless of this context, the activities of the polling stations were threatened and obstructed by outside intervention consisting of electronic and physical disturbance including the use of violence by the Spanish state police.
- In most cases, the election-personnel was forced to abandon the prepared plan of voting with the help of electronic devices, and had to resort to traditional voting rolls. The voting procedure was thus essentially prolonged.
- More threatening were the physical interventions by the Spanish State Police that could, in some cases be defined as brutal, and in most cases as breaches of human rights and civil liberties.
- The referendum was a demonstration of the determination of the Catalonian people, as far as the right to vote and democratic process were concerned. It meant a successful political mobilization of the Catalonian nation. The results of the referendum will have to be taken into account by the international community generally, especially by European Union, Council of Europe, and the Spanish authorities.
Strengths
- The process was conducted in a positive, peaceful and friendly atmosphere despite provocation.
- The process was conducted in an efficient manner by a large number of volunteers selected following democratic procedures.
- There was an adequate number of ballot boxes for the process - except in the cases when they were confiscated by the Spanish State police.
- Adequate steps were taken to ensure that only registered electors could cast their vote and that all reasonable steps were taken to prevent double voting.
- The democratic process was threatened, but it was not destroyed. The people of Catalonia defended their right to vote with great courage and integrity.
Weaknesses
- Main problems of the referendum were the legal limitations of and political threats to the referendum-personnel including the central Electoral Commission and confiscation of casted votes by the Spanish police.
- The need to switch from electronic to classical paper documentation did not help the efficient referendum process.
- [We observed difficulties of ensuring the secrecy of the vote as in many places there were no voting booths.]
Final remarks
- The Spanish Government should not have resorted to violence breaking the basic principles of Human Rights as established in international documents signed and ratified by the Kingdom of Spain.
- Although the Generalitat on several occasions publicly declared its willingness to negotiate in legal and amicable manner the future institutional arrangement of Catalonia, we regret that the Spanish Government refused to negotiate with them.
- We would hope that, in the near future, the Spanish Government will enter into genuine negotiations with the Catalans.
- Finally we consider it regrettable that the European Union, the Council of Europe and other international organisations have not acted to mediate with the purpose to facilitate an agreed solution, acceptable for both parties.
Barcelona, October 1st 2017
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Демонстрация солидарности в Валенсии 9 октября
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/147889.html
Испанские оккупанты, вон с каталонской земли!
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/147970.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Сторонники независимости одержат на нем безоговорочную победу
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/148451.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Акции солидарности в Стране Басков
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/148665.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Акции солидарности в Великобритании
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/148868.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Призрак “Великой Каталонии”
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/149110.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Каталонская независимость и Европейский Союз
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/149453.html
Референдум в Каталонии: "Механизм российского вмешательства пронизывает каталонский кризис"
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/149587.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Поле битвы за неделю до голосования
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/149856.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Два братских народа
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/150062.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Ирландия требует остановить произвол
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/150521.html
Референдум в Каталонии: "Русские хакеры" продолжают атаковать каталонцев
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/150742.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Ответ Трампа разочаровал испанцев
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/150922.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Альфред де Сайас и цензура в ООН
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/151146.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Позиции сторон
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/151420.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Сенсационные результаты последнего опроса
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/151635.html
Референдум в Каталонии: "Как нам организовать голосование?"
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/152020.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Марш солидарности в Стране Басков
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/152090.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Референдум начинается
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/152949.html
Референдум в Каталонии: “Тишина Брюсселя оглушительна”
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/153126.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Мерзкое нутро евролиберализма
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/152703.html
Референдум в Каталонии: “Предчувствие гражданской войны”
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/152470.html
Референдум в Каталонии: "Не ходите, дети, в Африку гулять..."
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/153411.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Триумф полицейских
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/153764.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Результаты голосования
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/154075.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Дональд Трамп и священное право на самоопределение
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/154418.html
Референдум в Каталонии: Теперь Каталония получила право на сецессию
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/154365.html
Референдум в Каталонии: В Каталонии объявлена всеобщая забастовка
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https://pluto9999.livejournal.com/154872.html?
Референдум в Каталонии: Для Каталонии больше нет места в Испании
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